Updated March 22, 2022 at 5:18 PM ET
Going against the growing trend of transgender sports bans in GOP-led states, the Republican governors of Indiana and Utah have vetoed proposed laws in their states.
In a letter announcing his veto Monday, Indiana Gov. Eric Holbomb said the legislation, which would have prohibited transgender female athletes from participating in girls sports, "falls short."
Holcomb said it was unclear if the procedures outlined in the bill would be applied consistently in schools across Indiana. Other states that enacted similar bans were facing lawsuits that, in some cases, stopped the bans from being enforced, he said.
Holcomb added that he was unconvinced by supporters' arguments that there is an existing problem in K-12 sports in Indiana that requires the government to get involved and that there is a lack of fairness in female sports.
"After thorough review, I find no evidence to support either claim even if I support the overall goal," Holcomb wrote.
Opponents of the legislation cheered Holcomb's veto, saying the proposed law would have discriminated against trans kids.
"This win wouldn't have been possible without the thousands of Hoosiers who voiced their strong opposition to state legislators and who showed up at the Statehouse to oppose this harmful bill," the ACLU of Indiana said in a tweet. "Discrimination has no place in our state."
In Utah, Gov. Spencer Cox, explained his veto in a letter Monday to legislative leaders: "I must admit, I am not an expert on transgenderism. I struggle to understand so much of it and the science is conflicting. When in doubt however, I always try to err on the side of kindness, mercy and compassion."
Legislative leaders in Utah say they plan to try to override the veto in a session on Friday.
"We care deeply for all students, but we can not ignore the scientific facts that biological boys are built differently than girls," Utah Senate President President Stuart Adams wrote. "Doing nothing is taking a step backward for women. Finding a solution to this complicated issue is necessary to maintain fair competition now and in the future."
States impose bans despite lack of clear science
In March, Iowa became the 11th state to enact a transgender sports ban, as more Republican-led states eye laws forcing people to participate in sports based on their biological sex at birth. The others where bans were signed into law are Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Idaho, Mississippi, Montana, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia. In addition, South Dakota enacted a ban through an executive order.
The trend isn't universal, though. Last year North Dakota's Republican Gov. Doug Burgum vetoed a transgender sports ban, saying there was no evidence of a lack of fairness in the state's schools.
Banning transgender women from participating in sports — especially at the high school level — aren't based in scientific evidence, says Dr. Eric Vilain, a pediatrician and geneticist who studies sex differences in athletes.
"[I]n the field of sports, there's a long history of discrimination that targets women that look different," Vilain told NPR's Michel Martin last year. "Again, the science of whether testosterone in real life is actually providing an advantage in competition is not clearly established. But more disturbingly is that all these rules at the elite level have affected women — not all women, but women with a Y chromosome. And often, it's triggered by women who look different."
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